Comparison of Oral Glcose Tolerance Test and HOMA-IR in Screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnant Women
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Abstract
Comparison of Oral Glcose Tolerance Test and HOMA-IR in Screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnant Women
Aim: The Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) is used for the screening of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and is a difficult test for some patients to tolerate. Insulin resistance (IR) can also be checked in pregnant women by using the fasting glucose and fasting insulin values. In this study, we aimed to compare the effectiveness of OGTT and HOMA-IR for GDM screening in pregnant women.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on all pregnant women who underwent GDM screening at the Adana City Training and Research Hospital between April 1 and June 30, 2021. Sociodemographic data were recorded and anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were made. In addition to OGTT with 75g glucose, the HOMA-IR results were also recorded. The cut-off value for IR was 2.4.
Results: The mean age of the 107 participants was 29.2±5.7 years. According to the OGTT, 32 (29.9%) had GDM, and according to the HOMA-IR 27 (25.2%) had IR. Among the 32 women diagnosed with GDM according to the OGTT, 17 (53.1%) had no insulin resistance (HOMA-IR˂2.39), while 15(46.9%) had insulin resistance (HOMA-IR>2.40), (p=0.002).In women with and without GDM, there was no significant difference in pre-pregnancy weight and BMI, and current weight and BMI. However, pre-pregnancy weight and BMI, and current weight and BMI were found to be significantly higher in pregnant women with IR compared to those without IR.
Conclusions: Detection of IR with HOMA-IR in pregnant women can be helpful in revealing additional findings when used together with OGTT and may be useful in patients who do not want or cannot tolerate the OGTT.